Particle or stringy photon, one or few-seconds photon, energy
packaging in space-time
Before beginning, it should be provided
simple and brief descriptions about continuous wave and energy, and
discontinuous or Quantum (packaged) wave and energy.
In figure 1, the battery supplies
energy of oscillator runs continuously. Consequently, the oscillator
will produce radio waves until finishing battery charge.
But in figure 2, the capacitor supplies
energy of oscillator runs moment. Consequently, the oscillator will
produce and emit radio waves discretely and cross-sectional,
according to the stored energy in capacitor.
In classical physics, it can be easily
produced and emitted continuous electromagnetic (radio) waves by a
power supply and an oscillator circuit, but to produce light
(visible spectrums) we need to stimulate orbital of atoms. For this,
we can fill glass tube with pure or especial gas, (even metals
steam) and we can flow a high-voltage stream, after decreasing
pressure within it, which it due to charge electric field in
balances of atom or encounter the stream electrons with circuit
atomic electrons, which the transfer of energy is carried out in
quantity of time and it will be made Quantum certainly, because of
limiting balances of atoms energy in absorbing and emitting light.
As we know, exchange of energy between
atoms is Quantum or packaged which it is related to wave frequency
and it is given by the famous Planck equation, i.e.:
E=hf
Where E is photon energy or discrete
electromagnetic wave, f is frequency of electromagnetic wave and h
is the Planck constant, which it has a micro-energy equivalent to
.
As we know, all trains have one
locomotive which it provides force moving or acceleration of the
whole collection (locomotive itself and wagons). Now we use the
following formula to calculate momentum of train:
Where P is momentum of the train,
m is
mass, v is velocity, mt is
mass of train, vt is speed of
train, mv is mass of every
wagon, n is number of wagons and
ml
is mass of tracker or train's horse. Now, if an obstacle comes
forward the train, all momentum or kinetic energy of the train will
be transfer to the obstacle in collision moment and it isn't
necessary that all wagons pass the location of the crash, because
material of the train is rigid and connected together and this
momentum from end wagon to front as well as tracker train is
transferred to collision point and the obstacle.
If it crashes with a heavy obstacle,
and momentum wants to transfer in a short time, it is natural that
wagons are back slide from their route and railroad. Because wagons
are connected together by drive axle and they have freedom of
rotation and the force of impact will scatter them.
What Is Gamma Radiation?
Gamma ray is an electromagnetic wave,
of course, with very high frequency. According to current
definitions, electromagnetic wave is electrical sinus oscillation of
there is appeared a similar magnetic field perpendicular to it. See
the following figures:
Now, we separate the two waves and
survey them separately:
As we know, same electric and magnetic
poles dispel themselves, and they have been located beside together
in electromagnetic wave, so by collision with these x or γ rays,
momentum and impact of the last discrete wavelength is transferred
to the first wavelength as well as collision point and obstacle by
buoyancy and electromagnetic assertion force of the same pole, and
it isn't necessary to pass all wavelengths from point of collision
and obstacle. Now, we measure momentum of electromagnetic wave
quantum or so called photon:
Here E is energy of every cycle of
electromagnetic wave, which its value is h, the Planck constant and
λ is the wavelength. We calculate momentum of each wave cycle, in
the first stage.
Here E is energy and m is mass in
mass-energy equivalence principle and c is light speed, after
calculating momentum of a wave cycle, we multiply it on the total
frequency, of course in a one second period, and then we achieve
total momentum of discrete electromagnetic wave:
Which the obtained result is similar
previous results, i.e.:
And overall conclusion is that energy
is quantum (packaging) in the some ranges of space-time which it is
related to the time, i.e. second and distance by light during in one
second which it indicates this important fact that our current
traditional divisions such as second , minutes, hours and ... aren't
deducted by human beings; instead they are related to
high-intelligent creatures which they are using from an advanced
geometry and mathematics and they have transferred knowledge of
measurement of time and calendar to us and the first clock, i.e.
time indicator has been made by them, because the used frequency
unit in Planck equation is as cycle on second, it means that
electromagnetic energy is packaging in quantity of time and its unit
is second and length that its unit is meter. We can suppose this
package as a mechanical mass i.e. photon or stringy with the length
of and
t=1. Electromagnetic waves show various behaviors when absorption,
production and clash with the obstacle. For example, some of them
are reflected by the atmosphere layers and some of them such as
microwave (radar), are absorbed by water but they are reflected by
the rigid bodies. Also visible spectrums are reflected by smooth
surfaces such as mirror. The x-ray is reflected in Compton
phenomenon, if radiation angle is perpendicular, but if it is
lesser than this angle, some of its energy is absorbed by electron
and the rest of wave is diverted and ...which all of them aren't
imagined by particle like of electromagnetic and light, but quantum
of the light or photon isn't a particle and it is stringy with
length,
and t is one second, and wavelength λ and its number is dependent
on amount of f (frequency), i.e. the following figure:
But these quanta can interact with
particles without mass, and they can appear massy or pregnant
particles. By these descriptions, all radiated photons by atoms are
one second photons, and it will not be meant that their emission and
absorption needs to one second time, but energy of electromagnetic
quanta in space-time is quantum and packaged as fixed quantity c,
and speed of their production and emit is very shorter than one
second and it is almost instantaneous. Now, it is raised this
important question whether we can connect quanta of electromagnetic
energy together?
Which if we success in this matter,
energy of these quanta will be calculated by the following equation:
Where t is time in second unit, as
which these photons are called multi-second quanta and they will
have extraordinary energy and their production and emission is
possible and rational, because radio waves are produced with longer
length. For example, we evaluate energy of a 60 seconds (or one
minute) gamma quantum (stringy photon):
It seems that energy of this one minute
gamma quantum is sufficient for fission each heavy nucleus
especially metal nucleus and it can be slashed nucleus not richen
and mined uranium easily and achieve to comfortable and huge energy.
Although the generators of a few seconds photon can also be used in
military applications, i.e. mass of object itself can provide huge
nuclear energy for its explosion, by reflecting these few second
quanta to the object. However this issues is related to human nature
and physics science, which we can use all phenomena and science in
both peace or war direction, and its expression and alarm is
necessary by provider of theory, and its military application can
not prevent from providing the theory itself, because its
manufacturer is responsible for it's rather than theorists'
phenomenon. But this must be noted that if we can produce few
seconds' quanta of electromagnetic waves, we will achieve to an
easier solution, in comparison with the current fission or fusion in
future, because we can use metals such as tungsten and regulate the
reaction speed of fission by intensity of generator of radiation
laser like waves.
Perhaps this
new matter seems very strange and it's better to make it some more
intelligible!
Imagine that
there are intelligent creatures who live in a planet very far away
from us and in their timings, every their second equals our 2
seconds. As they are thoughtful and interested in science, they know
about quantum energy of electromagnetic waves in photoelectric
phenomenon and they know how to calculate such energy using Planck
relation. Something that is different is that their Planck constant
is calculated as the half of our Planck constant, because:
For them, S as
each second equals our 2 seconds, F as frequency of electromagnetic
wave calculated by them, that is twice bigger than frequency of
calculated by us (in the same and definite range of spectrum). And
for them, H as Planck constant must equal half a Planck constant
calculated by us so, by this way they and us could get the same
result when calculating the quantum energy of a definite spectrum.
Such
intelligent creatures surely know about the Mass-energy equivalence
principle, Compton and De Broglie relations, etc. and they find
below equations:
C, the
constant speed of light for them, that is twice bigger than c for us
(calculated by us) and V, the calculated speed for dynamic bodies by
them, that is twice bigger than v calculated by us. For Compton
phenomenonwe have:
In the above
equation, me shows the rest
mass of the electron, θ shows diffraction angle, λ shows wavelength
of radial photon and λ' shows the wavelength of diffracted photon.
Finally, these intelligent creatures find out that they have made a
mistake in timing and defining a standard unit for timing and in
order to remove these numeral coefficients from the above equations,
they adjusted the unit for timing to our unit for timing. In other
words, as such knowledge did not exist in the period of our
ancestors, one could conclude that intelligent creatures lived
before us and they had such experiences so, they could do timing
among others they noticed seconds and at last their findings have
been transferred to us.
